hyperfine effect

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• hyperfine structure — /huy peuhr fuyn , huy /, Physics. the splitting of the lines of an atomic spectrum, produced by the angular momentum of the nucleus of the atom. Cf. fine structure. [1925 30; HYPER + FINE1] * * * ▪ physics       in spectroscopy, the splitting of… …   Universalium

• hyperfine structure — /ˌhaɪpəfaɪn ˈstrʌktʃə/ (say .huypuhfuyn strukchuh) noun 1. the occurrence of very closely spaced energy levels in an atom, due to coupling between the momentum of the orbital electrons and the spin of the nucleus. 2. the splitting of certain… …  

• Mössbauer effect — Physics. the phenomenon in which an atom in a crystal undergoes no recoil when emitting a gamma ray, giving all the emitted energy to the gamma ray, resulting in a sharply defined wavelength. [1955 60; named after R. MÖSSBAUER] * * * ▪ physics… …   Universalium

• spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …   Universalium

• Mössbauer spectroscopy — A Mössbauer absorption spectrum of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique based on the Mössbauer effect. This effect, discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1957, consists in the recoil free, resonant absorption and emission of gamma …   Wikipedia

• magnetic resonance — Absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation by electrons or atomic nuclei in response to certain magnetic fields. The principles of magnetic resonance are used to study the atomic and nuclear properties of matter; two common laboratory… …   Universalium

• Electron paramagnetic resonance — (EPR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a technique for studying chemical species that have one or more unpaired electrons, such as organic and inorganic free radicals or inorganic complexes possessing a transition metal ion. The… …   Wikipedia

• Atomic clock — Nuclear clock redirects here. For the clock as a measure for risk of catastrophic destruction, see Doomsday Clock. For a clock updated by radio signals (commonly but inaccurately called an atomic clock ), see Radio clock. For the album by Zion I …   Wikipedia

• Precision tests of QED — Quantum electrodynamics (QED), a relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics, is among the most stringently tested theories in physics.Precision tests of QED consist of measurements of the electromagnetic fine structure constant, α, in… …   Wikipedia

• Energy level — A quantum mechanical system or particle that is bound that is, confined spatially can only take on certain discrete values of energy. This contrasts with classical particles, which can have any energy. These discrete values are called energy… …   Wikipedia

• Doppler cooling — is a mechanism that can be used to trap and cool atoms. The term is sometimes used synonymously with laser cooling, though laser cooling includes other techniques. Contents 1 History 2 Brief Explanation 3 Detailed Explanation …   Wikipedia